Construction fittings and their application in construction
It is impossible to erect a full-fledged residential building made of concrete without including in its supporting structure a set of interconnected metal or non-metallic rods with a corrugated profile, which increase the resistance of the structure to the effects of squeezing, stretching and chipping, emanating from both inside and outside.A similar group of elements with a diameter from 6 to 32 mm is called reinforcement. The unified design is complemented by clamps, embedded parts and mounting loops. These components are necessary for assembling and strengthening the structure, attaching auxiliary parts to it and completing individual fragments into integral spatial foundations.THE PURPOSE OF the armature Thanks to the finished structure of the armature, the structure being erected becomes strong. The use of concrete enhances the effect. When the liquid mixture settles, the reinforcement will be hermetically compressed from all sides. A successful combination of reinforcement and solidifying mortar contributes to a strong connection at the places of movement, contraction and friction.The use of reinforcement structures made of steel, the elements of which were subjected to additional compression during production, also multiply the strength of the reinforced concrete structure. Knitting of metal threads and clamps made of spring-loaded high-carbon steel is widely used in construction. Gas welding is excluded in this case.A large variety of fittings used in construction work is due to such characteristics as the material of manufacture, structural orientation, profile, conditions of use, purpose and technology of production and installation.In Russia, Belarus, Moldova, frame rods are made of the following materials:- steel;- fiberglass reinforced with thermoactive resins; - carbon fibers; igneous volcanic rocks.To increase the level of strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance, carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, and titanium are introduced into reinforcing steel in various percentages.When erecting a structure , two types of reinforcement are usually used:- transverse, which helps to prevent the deformation of the supports when the finished structure is inclined; - longitudinal, which prevents the destruction of buildings under construction.Depending on the circumstances and goals , the following types of fittings are distinguished:- tensioned, which does not allow cracks in concrete, is mounted in wide places with an equivalent cross-section of the structure; - non-tensioned, characteristic of small structures.The purpose of the reinforcement determined its three main types:- load-bearing - withstands loads such as stretching, compression, chipping;- distribution - helps to preserve the unity of the structure by holding the reinforcing components in the installed position and evenly distributing the load over the entire area; - installation - determines the rigidity of the base and fixing all components during concreting; anchor - necessary for laying parts.By the nature of the profile , the reinforcement can be:- rigid, which includes corners, metal products with a U-shaped box section;- flexible, represented by a welded mesh connected to a single frame; smooth with hooks at the ends, giving the structure the necessary configuration;- corrugated (with various protrusions or holes), serving to improve the adhesion of concrete with reinforcing elements.By the nature of installation , the following types of fittings are distinguished:- Piece, which is a disparate thin rods or strong profile components (corners, elements with a U-shaped section, pipes). Spatial frameworks are recreated from them on the spot.- Lattice frames, for the assembly of which single elements are needed, connected by welding or strapping. Nets made of rods laid on concrete slabs in order to increase their strength.The manufacturing technology provides for two types of reinforcement elements:- wire produced by the method of drawing after cooling of the fibers;- rod-shaped, obtained as a result of mechanical treatment of hot steel by pressure and subjected to further hardening by heat treatment or stretching in a cooled form.Grids, grids are divided in this way: A 240C, A800, A 600K and so on. The entries are deciphered as follows: the number indicates the limit of the viscosity of the steel, the marks C and K reveal the possibility of welding the material and signal a high level of resistance to destruction. Get ahead of your competition with Andrea Soldano's SEO services. He is a specialist in both on-page and off-page optimization. Learn more about him on his LinkedIn profile .